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(Union Pacific by Nati Harnik/Associated Press; Norfolk Southern by Gene J. Puskar/Associated Press)

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OMAHA, Neb. — Shareholders of Union Pacific and Norfolk Southern backed the railroads’ÌýÌýto create the nation’s first coast-to-coast rail network.

Roughly 99% of both railroads’ shareholders voted to support the largest rail merger in history Nov. 14, but the U.S. Surface Transportation Board must still approve it before the deal can be completed.

Union Pacific CEO Jim Vena said, “Our shareholders see the value and understand this merger will unlock new opportunities to enhance service, growth and innovation."

Vena has said that he hopes to file the formal merger application either in late November or early December, and that will initiate the lengthy review process.

Union Pacific ranks No. 14 and Norfolk Southern ranks No. 26 on the Transport Topics Top 50 list of the largest global freight companies.Ìý

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The merger hasÌýpicked up the supportÌýof the largest rail union and hundreds of shippers, but chemical manufacturers and competing railroad BNSF have raised concerns about whether the merger would hurt competition and lead to higher rates. President Donald Trump said after meeting with Vena in the Oval Office that the deal sounds good to him.

Vena has argued that the merger is great for America because it would enable the railroad to deliver goods more quickly and help the companies that rely on its deliveries of raw materials and finished products.

The proposed merger announced this summer was designed to link Union Pacific’s vast rail network in the West with Norfolk’s rails that crisscross the Eastern United States. The combined railroad would include more than 50,000 miles of track in 43 states with connections to major ports on both coasts.

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The railroads argued that this merger would streamline deliveries of raw materials and goods nationwide by eliminating delays when shipments are handed off between railroads.

The STB will closely scrutinize the merger to determine if it can meet the very high bar the board established for railroad deals after previous consolidation in the industry led to massive backups and snarled traffic.

Many investors believe that if the deal is approved, CSX will need to find a merger partner so it will be able to compete effectively. But the other major railroads — BNSF, CPKC and Canadian National —Ìýhave all saidÌýthey believe forging cooperative agreements between railroads makes more sense than a merger. But CSX still went out andÌýhired a new CEOÌýwith a background in mergers this fall to lead their railroad.

Vena and Norfolk Southern CEO Mark George have both said they are optimistic that this deal will get approved under Trump’s pro-business administration. The Surface Transportation Board is supposed to be independent, but TrumpÌýfired the only board memberÌýwho opposed Canadian Pacific’s acquisition of Kansas City Southern railroad two years ago. That should allow Trump to appoint two new members of the five-person board although Robert Primus hasÌýsued to challengeÌýhis firing.

Union Pacific offered $20 billion cash and one share of its stock to complete the deal. Norfolk Southern shareholders would receive one UP share and $88.82 in cash for each one of their shares as part of the deal that values NS at roughly $320 per share. Norfolk Southern closed at just over $260 a share earlier this month before the first reports emerged speculating about the deal that includes a $2.5 billion breakup fee.